{"id":7370,"date":"2024-11-11T16:40:55","date_gmt":"2024-11-11T14:40:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/?p=7370"},"modified":"2024-11-11T16:42:10","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T14:42:10","slug":"slovensky-archeolog-skumal-v-rakuskom-jazere-worthersee-praveke-stavby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/sk\/2024\/11\/11\/slovensky-archeolog-skumal-v-rakuskom-jazere-worthersee-praveke-stavby\/","title":{"rendered":"Slovensk\u00fd archeol\u00f3g sk\u00famal v rak\u00faskom jazere W\u00f6rthersee pravek\u00e9 stavby"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Celkov\u00fd poh\u013ead na ostrov Kapuzinerinsel a ukotven\u00fa hladinov\u00fa b\u00e1zu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Na za\u010diatku jesene sa Martin Kvietok z\u00a0Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu SAV, v. v. i. z\u00fa\u010dastnil archeologick\u00e9ho projektu v\u00fdskumu pravek\u00fdch n\u00e1koln\u00fdch stavieb v korut\u00e1nskom jazere W\u00f6rthersee v\u00a0juhov\u00fdchodnom Rak\u00fasku.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1koln\u00e9 stavby s\u00fa objekty a obydlia, ktor\u00e9 postavili na kon\u0161trukcii vytvorenej z\u00a0dreven\u00fdch kolov a\u00a0zapustenej priamo do jazera. V\u010faka vhodn\u00fdm podmienkam vo vodnom prostred\u00ed sa dreven\u00e9 \u010dasti ve\u013emi dobre zachovali.<\/p>\n

Od roku 2011 s\u00fa tieto pamiatky zap\u00edsan\u00e9 do zoznamu Svetov\u00e9ho kult\u00farneho dedi\u010dstva UNESCO. Do skupiny chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch lokal\u00edt bolo zap\u00edsan\u00fdch 111 z viac ako 1000 zn\u00e1mych archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lez\u00edsk v \u0161iestich krajin\u00e1ch okolo \u00c1lp (\u0160vaj\u010diarsko, Rak\u00fasko, Franc\u00fazsko, Nemecko, Taliansko a Slovinsko). Tvoria ju pozostatky prehistorick\u00fdch n\u00e1koln\u00fdch os\u00e1d z obdobia 5 000 a\u017e 500 pred n. l., ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa pod vodou, na brehoch jazier, pozd\u013a\u017e riek alebo v mokradiach a pon\u00fakaj\u00fa v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00e9 podmienky na ochranu organick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, ako je drevo, text\u00edlie, rastlinn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ky. a kosti. V\u010faka vlhk\u00e9mu prostrediu sa dochovalo mno\u017estvo predmetov z\u00a0organick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov. Tieto lokality poskytuj\u00fa mimoriadne podrobn\u00fd obraz o soci\u00e1lnych, ekonomick\u00fdch a ekologick\u00fdch interakci\u00e1ch prehistorick\u00fdch popul\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd v\u00fdskum<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Rozhovor Martina Kvietka pre TV stanicu ORF.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00fdsledky viac ako 150-ro\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu na miestach n\u00e1koln\u00fdch stavieb mali zna\u010dn\u00fd vplyv na pochopenie v\u00fdvoja ran\u00fdch agr\u00e1rnych spolo\u010dnost\u00ed neolitu a doby bronzovej vo v\u0161eobecnosti, a najm\u00e4 interakci\u00ed medzi regi\u00f3nmi v\u00a0priestore \u00c1lp. Jednou z\u00a0novoobjaven\u00fdch lokal\u00edt je aj rak\u00faska lokalita Kapuzinerinsel. V\u00fdskum je realizovan\u00fd pod vodnou hladinou a t\u00edm pracovn\u00edkov pozost\u00e1va z\u00a0pot\u00e1paj\u00facich archeol\u00f3gov. Tieto zru\u010dnosti s\u00fa v\u00a0krajin\u00e1ch bez mora ve\u013emi vz\u00e1cne, a\u00a0preto si aj Rak\u00fasko vypom\u00e1ha kolegami z\u00a0okolit\u00fdch kraj\u00edn. Tak\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom sa kreuj\u00fa \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 vedeck\u00e9 t\u00edmy.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0projekte Kapuzinerinsel 2024<\/em> i\u0161lo o prv\u00fd v\u00fdskum pod vodnou hladinou na danom jazere. V\u00fdskum viedla rak\u00faska kolegy\u0148a Marie-Claire Ries z\u00a0Univerzity v\u00a0Innsbrucku. Prv\u00e9 prieskumn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce sa realizovali u\u017e v\u00a0roku 2022. Na z\u00e1klade prvotn\u00fdch n\u00e1lezov je lokalita situovan\u00e1 na z\u00e1padn\u00fd okraj ostrova Kapuzinerinsel.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Archeologick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce pod vodnou hladinou (Foto: ORF).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Po\u010das prieskumu boli z\u00edskan\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy z\u00a0obdobia star\u0161ieho eneolitu (okolo r. 4000 pred n. l., neskor\u00e1 doba kamenn\u00e1).<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klade prieskumn\u00fdch pr\u00e1c sa ur\u010dila plocha pre plo\u0161n\u00fd archeologick\u00fd odkryv. V\u00fdskum sa realizoval na dvoch ploch\u00e1ch. Prv\u00e1 na brehu ostrova a\u00a0druh\u00e1 cca 20 m juhoz\u00e1padne od brehu na dne jazera. Pri v\u00fdskume bola vyu\u017eit\u00e1 sektorov\u00e1 met\u00f3da, kedy sa plocha rozdel\u00ed na men\u0161ie \u0161tvorce 1 x 1 m. V\u010faka takejto met\u00f3de sa plocha sk\u00fama a\u00a0dokumentuje ve\u013emi podrobn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. Dno sa nach\u00e1dzalo v\u00a0h\u013abke 1,80 \u2013 1,20 m. Na v\u00fdkopov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce pod vodou sa v\u00a0tak\u00fdchto podmienkach vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ods\u00e1vacie zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa podtlak pretekaj\u00facej vody. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci ka\u017ed\u00e9ho sektoru boli postupne odstra\u0148ovan\u00e9 jazern\u00e9 sedimenty, resp. zvy\u0161ky kult\u00farnych vrstiev. Po identifikovan\u00ed dreven\u00fdch kolov bola cel\u00e1 plocha \u0161tvorcov fotogrametricky zdokumentovan\u00e1, koly boli geodeticky zmeran\u00e9. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa odoberali vzorky driev na anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Rekon\u0161trukcia n\u00e1koln\u00fdch obydl\u00ed z doby bronzovej vo \u0161vaj\u010diarskej lokalite Unteruhldingen na brehu Bodamsk\u00e9ho jazera jazera.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Po\u010das tejto sez\u00f3ny sa podarilo presk\u00fama\u0165 plochu s rozlohou 25 m2<\/sup>, na ktorej sa identifikovalo viac ako 130 dreven\u00fdch kolov. Zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch boli odobran\u00e9 vzorky na dendrochronologick\u00e9 datovanie veku pomocou letokruhov. Sediment, ktor\u00fd sa pri v\u00fdskume odstra\u0148oval obsahoval \u010fal\u0161ie cenn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie v\u00a0podobe makrozvy\u0161kov keramiky, kost\u00ed, uhl\u00edkov a\u00a0botaniky, ktor\u00e9 sa z\u00edskavali preplaven\u00edm na archeologickej z\u00e1kladni. Anal\u00fdzy z\u00edskan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu bud\u00fa \u010falej pokra\u010dova\u0165 v\u00a0laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1ch vo \u0160vaj\u010diarsku.<\/p>\n

Martin Kvietok, Klaudia Da\u0148ov\u00e1, Archeologick\u00fd \u00fastav SAV, v. v. i.<\/p>\n

Foto: arch\u00edv Marie-Claire Ries, ORF<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na za\u010diatku jesene sa Martin Kvietok z\u00a0Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu SAV, v. v. i. z\u00fa\u010dastnil archeologick\u00e9ho projektu v\u00fdskumu pravek\u00fdch n\u00e1koln\u00fdch stavieb v korut\u00e1nskom jazere W\u00f6rthersee v\u00a0juhov\u00fdchodnom Rak\u00fasku. N\u00e1koln\u00e9 stavby s\u00fa objekty a obydlia, ktor\u00e9 postavili na kon\u0161trukcii vytvorenej z\u00a0dreven\u00fdch kolov a\u00a0zapustenej priamo do jazera. V\u010faka vhodn\u00fdm podmienkam vo vodnom prostred\u00ed sa dreven\u00e9 \u010dasti ve\u013emi dobre zachovali. Od … \u010c\u00edtajte viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7371,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7370"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7370"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7370\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7378,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7370\/revisions\/7378"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}