{"id":7249,"date":"2024-09-17T10:16:23","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T08:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/?p=7249"},"modified":"2024-09-17T10:16:55","modified_gmt":"2024-09-17T08:16:55","slug":"v-jaskyni-huciva-diera-v-belianskych-tatrach-sa-podarilo-objavit-taborisko-ludi-z-doby-kamennej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/sk\/2024\/09\/17\/v-jaskyni-huciva-diera-v-belianskych-tatrach-sa-podarilo-objavit-taborisko-ludi-z-doby-kamennej\/","title":{"rendered":"V jaskyni Hu\u010div\u00e1 diera v Belianskych Tatr\u00e1ch sa podarilo objavi\u0165 t\u00e1borisko \u013eud\u00ed z doby kamennej"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Vchod do jaskyne pred uzavret\u00edm kovovou mre\u017eou.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Koncom roka 2018 sa podarilo objavi\u0165 na \u00fazem\u00ed Belianskych Tatier \u2013 v\u00a0neve\u013ekej jaskyni Hu\u010div\u00e1 diera\u00a0 (k. \u00fa. Tatransk\u00e1 Lomnica) pozoruhodn\u00e9 t\u00e1borisko z\u00a0mlad\u0161ieho paleolitu, dosia\u013e jedin\u00e9 jaskynn\u00e9 n\u00e1lezisko z\u00a0obdobia praveku na \u00fazem\u00ed Tatier. O\u00a0necel\u00fd rok nato za\u010dal v\u00a0tejto jaskyni medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd v\u00fdskum, ktor\u00fd pokra\u010doval v\u00a0roku 2022 a\u00a02024. Realizovali ho dve vedeck\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00facie \u2013 Archeologick\u00fd \u00fastav SAV, v. v. i. a\u00a0Jagelovsk\u00e9ho univerzita v\u00a0Krakove, pod veden\u00edm autora predlo\u017eenej spr\u00e1vy a\u00a0univ. prof. Paw\u0142a Valde-Nowaka. <\/em><\/p>\n

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V\u00a0priebehu troch v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch sez\u00f3n sa podarilo z\u00a0v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej \u010dasti presk\u00fama\u0165 zah\u013aben\u00e9 ohnisko z\u00a0doby kamennej a\u00a0v\u00a0\u0148om objavi\u0165 \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum \u0161tiepan\u00fdch kamenn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov, kost\u00ed lovnej zveri a\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edch drobn\u00fdch artefaktov z\u00a0kosti, kame\u0148a i\u00a0organick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, vr\u00e1tane paleobotanick\u00fdch zvy\u0161kov. Typol\u00f3gia \u0161tiepanej kamennej industrie spolu so s\u00e9riou zisten\u00fdch absol\u00fatnych d\u00e1t umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa uveden\u00e9 os\u00eddlenie zaradi\u0165 do n\u00e1plne magdal\u00e9nienskej kult\u00fary spred vy\u0161e 14\u00a0000 rokov (cca 12\u00a0200 pred Kr.). I\u0161lo o\u00a0sklonok pleistoc\u00e9nu, ke\u010f sa pozvo\u013ena za\u010d\u00ednal topi\u0165 seversk\u00fd i\u00a0lok\u00e1lny tatransk\u00fd \u013eadovec (obdobie prv\u00e9ho oteplenia, tzv. b\u00f6lling), ktor\u00fd na \u00fazem\u00ed na\u0161ich ve\u013eh\u00f4r vytvoril ov\u00e1lne depresie \u2013 kary, dne\u0161n\u00e9 ples\u00e1.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Anal\u00f3gie k\u00a0n\u00e1lezom a\u017e v\u00a0z\u00e1padnej a\u00a0v severnej Eur\u00f3pe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Typick\u00e9 paz\u00farikov\u00e9 hroty \u2013 projektily o\u0161tepov kult\u00fary magdal\u00e9nien.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kamenn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, medzi ktor\u00fdmi dominuj\u00fa typick\u00e9 hroty s\u00a0nazna\u010den\u00fdm vrubom (projektily kosten\u00fdch, parohov\u00fdch i\u00a0dreven\u00fdch o\u0161tepov a\u00a0harp\u00fan) s\u00fa zhotoven\u00e9 z\u00a0pieninsk\u00fdch r\u00e1diolaritov, ale aj z\u00a0r\u00f4znych paz\u00farikov\u00fdch odr\u00f4d spoza hrebe\u0148a Karp\u00e1t (Po\u013esko), ale i\u00a0z\u00a0Moravy. Hodno poznamena\u0165, \u017ee analogick\u00e9 \u0161pecifick\u00e9 hroty sa objavuj\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00e9ho Anglicka, Holanska a\u00a0\u0160vaj\u010diarska.<\/p>\n

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S\u00e1nka kozoro\u017eca alpsk\u00e9ho.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

O\u00a0magdal\u00e9niene vieme, \u017ee ide p\u00f4vodom o\u00a0z\u00e1padoeur\u00f3psku kult\u00faru, ktor\u00e1 je dnes dobre zn\u00e1ma z\u00a0Franko-kantabrijskej oblasti najm\u00e4 v\u010faka fenomen\u00e1lnemu jaskynn\u00e9mu (pariet\u00e1lnemu), ale aj solit\u00e9rnemu umeniu (samostatn\u00e9 plastiky zvierat i\u00a0\u013eud\u00ed). Pr\u00e1ve jej nositelia a\u00a0ich umeleck\u00e9 diela predstavuj\u00fa vrchol pravek\u00e9ho umenia na svete. Franc\u00fazske a\u00a0\u0161panielske jaskyne ako Altam\u00edra, Lascaux a in\u00e9 s\u00fa tak sl\u00e1vne, \u017ee ich h\u00e1dam nie je potrebn\u00e9 \u010ditate\u013eovi bli\u017e\u0161ie predstavova\u0165. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je kon\u0161tatovanie, \u017ee kult\u00fara magdal\u00e9nien sa na \u00fazem\u00ed Slovenska jednozna\u010dne objavila po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lezov z\u00a0Hu\u010divej diery prekvapuje aj z\u00a0tohoro\u010dnej v\u00fdskumnej kampane nielen mno\u017estvo pozoruhodn\u00fdch artefaktov \u2013 kamenn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov, \u010falej kosten\u00e9 ihly, pieskovcov\u00e1 lampi\u010dka na svietenie, ryhami zdoben\u00fd kosten\u00fd priebojn\u00edk, dve prev\u0155tan\u00e9 fos\u00edlne slima\u010die ulity (azda z n\u00e1hrdeln\u00edkov), ale aj zisten\u00e9 spektrum lovn\u00fdch zvierat, medzi ktor\u00fdmi prekvapuj\u00faco prevl\u00e1daj\u00fa kozoro\u017ece alpsk\u00e9, menej kone div\u00e9, medvede hned\u00e9 a\u00a0in\u00e1 fauna. V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa v\u0161etky objaven\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy a\u00a0n\u00e1lezov\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie z\u00a0tohto interdisciplin\u00e1rneho v\u00fdskumu vyhodnocuj\u00fa u\u00a0n\u00e1s i\u00a0v Po\u013esku, tak z\u00a0oblasti archeol\u00f3gie, ako aj paleontol\u00f3gie, paleobotaniky, geol\u00f3gie, petroarcheol\u00f3gie, sedimentol\u00f3gie, vr\u00e1tane absol\u00fatneho datovania (r\u00e1diokarb\u00f3nov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy C14) i\u00a0DNA (v \u0160tokholme). O\u00a0v\u00fdsledkoch doteraj\u0161\u00edch pozoruhodn\u00fdch v\u00fdskumov bola u\u017e informovan\u00e1 vedeck\u00e1 komunita na viacer\u00fdch dom\u00e1cich i zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch konferenci\u00e1ch, kongresoch (Krakov, Mexiko, R\u00edm at\u010f.) a\u00a0prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed v\u00a0renomovan\u00fdch \u010dasopisoch (napr. Antiquity). Vo v\u00fdskume jaskyne pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa archeol\u00f3govia pokra\u010dova\u0165.<\/p>\n

Mari\u00e1n Soj\u00e1k<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Foto: autor a arch\u00edv A\u00daSAV, v. v. i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Koncom roka 2018 sa podarilo objavi\u0165 na \u00fazem\u00ed Belianskych Tatier \u2013 v\u00a0neve\u013ekej jaskyni Hu\u010div\u00e1 diera\u00a0 (k. \u00fa. Tatransk\u00e1 Lomnica) pozoruhodn\u00e9 t\u00e1borisko z\u00a0mlad\u0161ieho paleolitu, dosia\u013e jedin\u00e9 jaskynn\u00e9 n\u00e1lezisko z\u00a0obdobia praveku na \u00fazem\u00ed Tatier. O\u00a0necel\u00fd rok nato za\u010dal v\u00a0tejto jaskyni medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd v\u00fdskum, ktor\u00fd pokra\u010doval v\u00a0roku 2022 a\u00a02024. Realizovali ho dve vedeck\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00facie \u2013 Archeologick\u00fd \u00fastav SAV, v. … \u010c\u00edtajte viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7249"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7249"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7254,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7249\/revisions\/7254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}