{"id":7202,"date":"2024-08-05T10:02:42","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T08:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/?p=7202"},"modified":"2024-08-05T10:07:01","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T08:07:01","slug":"vysla-kniha-o-svete-prvych-rolnikov-na-zapadnom-slovensku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/sk\/2024\/08\/05\/vysla-kniha-o-svete-prvych-rolnikov-na-zapadnom-slovensku\/","title":{"rendered":"Vy\u0161la kniha o svete prv\u00fdch ro\u013en\u00edkov na z\u00e1padnom Slovensku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Juraj Pav\u00fak patr\u00ed medzi popredn\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych b\u00e1date\u013eov v\u00a0ot\u00e1zke v\u00fdskumu mlad\u0161ej doby kamennej. Pri\u010dom sa vo svojom v\u00fdskume nezameral len na \u00fazemie Karpatskej kotliny, ale realizoval aj mnoh\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy na Balk\u00e1ne.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>V\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu SAV, v. v. i. a\u00a0vydavate\u013estva VEDA vych\u00e1dza kniha, ktor\u00e1 sa venuje jednej z autorov\u00fdch najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed \u2013 v\u00fdskumu neolitu na juhoz\u00e1padnom Slovensku. Juraj Pav\u00fak v\u00a0tejto novej knihe prezentuje s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd stav poznatkov o\u00a0 kult\u00farach z\u00a0mlad\u0161ej doby kamennej na z\u00e1padnom Slovensku vo vz\u0165ahu nielen s v\u00fdvojom v\u00a0Karpatskej kotline ale aj v \u0161ir\u0161om stredoeur\u00f3pskom kontexte.<\/p>\n

Po autorovom opise \u0161\u00edrenia neolitick\u00e9ho sp\u00f4sobu \u017eivota z\u00a0Bl\u00edzkeho v\u00fdchodu do strednej Eur\u00f3py \u010ditate\u013e n\u00e1jde charakteristiku hlavn\u00fdch vlastnosti kult\u00fary so\u00a0starou a\u00a0mladou line\u00e1rnou keramikou, \u017eeliezovskej skupiny a lengyelskej kult\u00fary (6. \u2013 za\u010d. 4. tis\u00edcro\u010dia pred n. l.). \u0164a\u017eisko knihy spo\u010d\u00edva v\u00a0rie\u0161en\u00ed ot\u00e1zok gen\u00e9zy, chronol\u00f3gie a triedenia jednotliv\u00fdch kult\u00farnych celkov na z\u00e1klade anal\u00fdzy typov a ornamentu keramiky, syst\u00e9mov os\u00edd\u013eovania v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti od pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho prostredia a\u00a0hospod\u00e1rskej \u00farovne a soci\u00e1lnej \u0161trukt\u00fary spolo\u010denstva, v\u00a0opise stavite\u013estva a\u00a0typov obytnej architekt\u00fary.<\/p>\n

Hospod\u00e1rske a spolo\u010densk\u00e9 pomery a\u00a0duchovn\u00fd svet neolitick\u00fdch popul\u00e1cii osvet\u013euje monument\u00e1lna architekt\u00fara, pohrebisk\u00e1 a invent\u00e1re umeleckej povahy, antropomorfn\u00e9 a zoomorfn\u00e9 n\u00e1doby a samostatn\u00e1 plastika. Juraj Pav\u00fak sa venuje aj fenom\u00e9nu tzv. rondelov, \u010do boli monument\u00e1lne architekt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 sa u\u00a0n\u00e1s vyskytovali v\u00a0obdob\u00ed lengyelskej kult\u00fary. Tvorili ich viacn\u00e1sobn\u00e9, na niektor\u00fdch miestach preru\u0161en\u00e9 priekopy. Dodnes sa ved\u00fa diskusiu o\u00a0ich v\u00fdzname a\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Autor knihy spolu so\u00a0slovensk\u00fdm astron\u00f3mom V. Karlovsk\u00fdm zistil, \u017ee tieto monument\u00e1lne stavby (niekedy mali priemer viac ako 200 m), s\u00fa astronomicky orientovan\u00e9 na pohyby Mesiaca.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0anal\u00fdzy archeologick\u00fdch prame\u0148ov viacer\u00fdch druhov vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee po\u010das kult\u00fary s mladou line\u00e1rnou keramikou a\u00a0\u017eeliezovskej skupiny doch\u00e1dzalo k z zmene vlastn\u00edctva p\u00f4dy a distrib\u00facie \u00farody.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Juraj Pav\u00fak a v\u00fdznamn\u00fd nemeck\u00fd archeol\u00f3g Harald Hauptmann vo v\u00fdchodnom Turecku (Foto: arch\u00edv J. Pav\u00faka).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Komun\u00e1lne vlastn\u00edctvo p\u00f4dy prech\u00e1dzalo do r\u00fak obyvate\u013eov jednotliv\u00fdch domov a s t\u00fdm aj \u00faroda obilia uskladnen\u00e1 v z\u00e1sobn\u00fdch jam\u00e1ch pri domoch sa st\u00e1vala ch vlastn\u00edctvom. Nov\u00e9 vlastn\u00edcke vz\u0165ahy viedli k\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161enej produktivite pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0k tvorbe nadv\u00fdrobku a\u00a0k\u00a0spolo\u010denskej de\u013ebe pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00a0lengyelskej kult\u00fare so vznikom zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fdch s\u00eddlisk s\u00a0mno\u017estvom obyvate\u013eov doch\u00e1dzalo k\u00a0mnohostrann\u00e9mu rozvoju hospod\u00e1rstva, ideol\u00f3gie a\u00a0tomu odpovedaj\u00facej spolo\u010densky diferencovanej spolo\u010dnosti. Mohli by sme poveda\u0165, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0tomto obdob\u00ed sa vytv\u00e1rali v\u00a0\u013eudsk\u00fdch spolo\u010dnostiach komplexn\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy, ktor\u00e9 z\u00a0\u010dasti funguj\u00fa e\u0161te aj dnes.<\/p>\n

Peter Pav\u00fak, Branislav Kov\u00e1r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Juraj Pav\u00fak patr\u00ed medzi popredn\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych b\u00e1date\u013eov v\u00a0ot\u00e1zke v\u00fdskumu mlad\u0161ej doby kamennej. Pri\u010dom sa vo svojom v\u00fdskume nezameral len na \u00fazemie Karpatskej kotliny, ale realizoval aj mnoh\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy na Balk\u00e1ne. V\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu SAV, v. v. i. a\u00a0vydavate\u013estva VEDA vych\u00e1dza kniha, ktor\u00e1 sa venuje jednej z autorov\u00fdch najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed \u2013 v\u00fdskumu neolitu na juhoz\u00e1padnom Slovensku. … \u010c\u00edtajte viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7202"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7202"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7214,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7202\/revisions\/7214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}