{"id":4626,"date":"2019-06-04T11:35:49","date_gmt":"2019-06-04T09:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/?p=4626"},"modified":"2019-06-04T11:35:51","modified_gmt":"2019-06-04T09:35:51","slug":"co-objavili-slovenski-archeologovia-v-kuvajte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/sk\/2019\/06\/04\/co-objavili-slovenski-archeologovia-v-kuvajte\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co objavili slovensk\u00ed archeol\u00f3govia v Kuvajte"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Archeol\u00f3govia z Archeologick\u00e9ho\n\u00fastavu SAV \u00faspe\u0161ne ukon\u010dili \u010fal\u0161iu v\u00fdskumn\u00fa sez\u00f3nu na ostrove Failaka\nv Perzskom z\u00e1live. V\u00fdskum sa uskuto\u010dnil v spolupr\u00e1ci s National\nCouncil of Culture, Arts and Letters, State of Kuwait v mesiacoch marec \u2013  apr\u00edl 2019. Aktu\u00e1lne je predmetom v\u00fdskumu\nrozsiahla osada Al-Qusur zo 7.-8. storo\u010dia, pozost\u00e1vaj\u00faca z viac ako 140\nusadlost\u00ed sl\u00fa\u017eiacich na b\u00fdvanie, remeseln\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165, chov zvierat i oddych.\nV jej centr\u00e1lnej \u010dasti sa nach\u00e1dzal nestori\u00e1nsky kl\u00e1\u0161tor s dvomi\nkostolmi. I\u0161lo o pozostatky \u010dinnosti kres\u0165anskej nestori\u00e1nskej komunity\nv predislamskom a  v\u010dasnoislamskom\nobdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Odkryv hospod\u00e1rskej \u010dasti dvorca (foto M. Ruttkay).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

V tomto roku sa pozornos\u0165\narcheol\u00f3gov pod veden\u00edm M. Ruttkaya a K. Pietu s\u00fastre\u010fovala na tri hlavn\u00e9\n\u00falohy \u2013 a) dokument\u00e1ciu reli\u00e9fu krajiny a identifik\u00e1ciu zaniknut\u00fdch\nobjektov, b), v\u00fdskum dvorca \u010d. 28,  c)\nspracovanie n\u00e1lezov a virtu\u00e1lna rekon\u0161trukcia vybran\u00fdch architekt\u00far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzh\u013eadom na \u0161pecifick\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9\npomery tohtoro\u010dnej zimy sa ostrov \u2013 polop\u00fa\u0161\u0165 po dlh\u00fdch rokoch doslova\nzazelenala. To umo\u017enilo identifikova\u0165 objekty aj na z\u00e1klade tzv. vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch\npr\u00edznakov. Tam, kde sa nach\u00e1dzali rozpadnut\u00e9 hlinen\u00e9 tehly sa vyskytovala\n\u010dervenkast\u00e1 veget\u00e1cia, tam, kde boli pod zemou zaniknut\u00e9 m\u00fary zo \u0161pecifick\u00e9ho\nhlinito-kamenn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu naopak \u017eiadna veget\u00e1cia ner\u00e1stla. V kombin\u00e1cii\ns podrobnou fotogrametriou sn\u00edmok z dr\u00f3nu a geodetick\u00fdm\nzameran\u00edm sa podarilo objavi\u0165 mno\u017estvo doteraz nepoznan\u00fdch architekt\u00far\na z\u00e1rove\u0148 je po prv\u00fd raz vyhotoven\u00fd kvalitn\u00fd pl\u00e1n strednej\na v\u00fdchodnej \u010dasti osady. Povrchov\u00e1 prospekcia priniesla aj ve\u013ek\u00fd po\u010det\nnajm\u00e4 keramick\u00fdch n\u00e1lezov, ale i fragmentov sklenen\u00fdch n\u00e1dob, ktor\u00e9\nprispej\u00fa k lep\u0161iemu \u010dasov\u00e9mu zaradeniu objektov a ich funk\u010dnej\n\u0161pecifik\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Al-Qusur \u2013 digit\u00e1lna rekon\u0161trukcia odkryt\u00e9ho dvorca (A. Arp\u00e1\u0161, M. Ruttkay)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vykop\u00e1vky sa koncentrovali na odkryv\ndvorca \u010d. 28. Potvrdili sa na\u0161e predpoklady, \u017ee i\u0161lo o dom remeseln\u00edka, ktor\u00fd\nsa \u0161pecializoval na pr\u00e1cu s polodrahokamami. Presk\u00famal sa centr\u00e1lny\nviacpriestorov\u00fd dom s rozmermi 8,4 x 10,8 m, ohradov\u00fd m\u00far, vstup do\ndvorca, \u010dasti hospod\u00e1rskych objektov. Hlinen\u00e9 m\u00fary st\u00e1li spravidla na kamenn\u00fdch\npodmurovk\u00e1ch. Op\u00e4tovne sa potvrdila viacf\u00e1zovos\u0165 os\u00eddlenia. Prekvapen\u00edm je\nzistenie, \u017ee remeseln\u00edcka \u010dinnos\u0165 \u2013 pr\u00e1ca sa polodrahokamami tu prebiehala vo\nv\u0161etk\u00fdch f\u00e1zach os\u00eddlenia. Spomedzi n\u00e1lezov sa vyn\u00edma temer 5 kg zlomkov polodrahokamov\n\u2013 najm\u00e4 ametystov, ale napr\u00edklad i gran\u00e1tov. Po\u010detn\u00e9 fragmenty zvierac\u00edch\nkost\u00ed, keramika a fragmenty skiel zas pom\u00f4\u017eu rekon\u0161truova\u0165 \u017eivot obyvate\u013eov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3D technol\u00f3gia<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ter\u00e9nne odkryvy a ich\ndokument\u00e1cia prebiehali s pou\u017eit\u00edm najmodernej\u0161\u00edch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed\nv oblasti digitaliz\u00e1cie a 3D archeol\u00f3gie. V\u0161etky aktivity s\u00fa  na dennej b\u00e1ze dokumentovan\u00e9 trojpriestorovo\na podobne aj v\u00fdber z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1lezov. Tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup vytv\u00e1ra\nokrem akejsi digit\u00e1lnej knihy \u2013 arch\u00edvu aj podmienky na kvalitn\u00fa rekon\u0161trukciu\nobjektov. Tu sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa aj poznatky z podobn\u00fdch typov hlinenej architekt\u00fary,\nktor\u00e1 je v tomto prostred\u00ed pomerne konzervat\u00edvna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Prospekcia priniesla pomerne ve\u013ek\u00fd po\u010det n\u00e1lezov, medzi in\u00fdmi aj unik\u00e1tne s\u00fabory sklenen\u00fdch zlomkov (foto M. Ruttkay).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskum vytv\u00e1ra aj podmienky na \u0161ir\u0161iu\nspolupr\u00e1cu v r\u00e1mci SAV. Aktu\u00e1lne vzorky kame\u0148ov analyzuje \u00fastav vied\no zemi (Pavol Siman), z\u00e1kladn\u00fa chemick\u00fa anal\u00fdzu skiel pravdepodobne\nzabezpe\u010d\u00ed \u00dastav anorganickej ch\u00e9mie. Z\u00e1sluhu na \u00faspe\u0161nom v\u00fdsledku pr\u00e1ce\npracovn\u00edkov Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu SAV malo aj Ve\u013evyslanectvo Slovenskej\nrepublike v Kuvajte. Archeologick\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy na ostrove nav\u0161t\u00edvila aj po\u010detn\u00e1 deleg\u00e1cia\nve\u013evyslancov akreditovan\u00fdch v Kuvajte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuvajtsko-slovenskej misii sa tak\nop\u00e4tovne podarilo dosiahnu\u0165 unik\u00e1tny v\u00fdsledok. Po tom, ako v minulosti objavila\npozostatky stredovekej \u201eklimatiz\u00e1cie\u201c objektov a presk\u00famala pal\u00e1cov\u00e9 s\u00eddlo,\nv tomto roku objavila jedine\u010dn\u00fd dvorec so \u0161pecializ\u00e1ciou na spracovanie\npolodrahokamov. V z\u00e1vislosti od dostatku finan\u010dn\u00fdch zdrojov by v\u00fdskumy mali\npokra\u010dova\u0165 aj v nasleduj\u00facich rokoch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Matej Ruttkay <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Slovensk\u00e1 archeologick\u00e1 misia (M. Bart\u00edk, Zb. Robak, N. Va\u0161\u0161ov\u00e1, A. Arp\u00e1\u0161, M. Ruttkay, K. Pieta, V. Mezey \u2013 foto KSAM)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Archeol\u00f3govia z Archeologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu SAV \u00faspe\u0161ne ukon\u010dili \u010fal\u0161iu v\u00fdskumn\u00fa sez\u00f3nu na ostrove Failaka v Perzskom z\u00e1live. V\u00fdskum sa uskuto\u010dnil v spolupr\u00e1ci s National Council of Culture, Arts and Letters, State of Kuwait v mesiacoch marec \u2013  apr\u00edl 2019. Aktu\u00e1lne je predmetom v\u00fdskumu rozsiahla osada Al-Qusur zo 7.-8. storo\u010dia, pozost\u00e1vaj\u00faca z viac ako 140 usadlost\u00ed sl\u00fa\u017eiacich na b\u00fdvanie, remeseln\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165, … \u010c\u00edtajte viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4626"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4626"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4635,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4626\/revisions\/4635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4626"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeol.sav.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}